What is the primary function of intercoolers and aftercoolers?

The primary function of intercoolers and aftercoolers is to remove heat generated when air is compressed. When air is compressed, such as in turbocharged or supercharged engines, it heats up significantly. This increase in temperature can lead to a decrease in air density, which ultimately impacts engine performance and efficiency.

By utilizing intercoolers and aftercoolers, the hot compressed air is passed through these heat exchangers, where it is cooled down before it enters the engine's combustion chamber. Cooler air is denser, allowing for a greater mass of air to enter the engine, resulting in improved combustion efficiency, power output, and overall performance.

Additionally, keeping the air temperature lower helps to prevent knocking and allows for higher boost settings without risking engine damage. In contrast, the other options — increasing air pressure, filtering air, or supplying fuel — do not accurately describe the role that intercoolers and aftercoolers play in engine performance.