At what pressure do closed cooling systems typically operate?

Closed cooling systems typically operate at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure to ensure the efficient circulation of coolant and to prevent the boiling of the coolant under normal operating temperatures. By maintaining a higher pressure within the system, the boiling point of the coolant is elevated, allowing it to absorb more heat from the engine or machinery before vaporization occurs. This is critical for effective heat exchange, as it prevents the formation of steam and assures that the cooling system remains effective even at higher temperatures.

Additionally, operating at a pressure above atmospheric levels helps to avoid the ingress of air or contaminants, which can compromise the cooling efficiency and potentially lead to corrosion or other issues within the system. This design consideration enhances the overall reliability and performance of the cooling system in various applications, including marine engines and industrial machinery.